Web-Based Interactive Learning Media Integrated with Soft Skills for Network System Administration in Vocational High Schools
Abstract
Vocational high schools are expected to prepare learners with technical competence and employability-oriented soft skills, yet classroom practices often remain dominated by teacher explanation, static materials, and assessment of technical content only. This study developed and evaluated a web-based interactive learning medium integrated with soft skills for the Network System Administration course in vocational high schools. Using a Research and Development design, the study synthesized the 4D, ADDIE, and Borg and Gall models into seven stages: needs analysis, design, development, testing and revision, implementation, evaluation and final revision, and dissemination and adoption. Data were collected through observation, interviews, expert-validation sheets, student-response questionnaires, and pretest-posttest learning outcome tests. The product included learning objectives, interactive materials, video resources, quizzes, evaluation feedback, project tasks, and soft-skill activities addressing character, citizenship, collaboration, communication, creativity, and critical thinking. Expert validation indicated that the product was highly feasible, with mean scores of 93.50% from material experts and 90.73% from media experts. Practicality testing improved from 69.00% in one-to-one trials to 74.00% in small-group trials and 84.00% in field trials. The experimental class showed a larger learning improvement than the control class (mean gain = 29.47 versus 3.00), and the posttest comparison was significant, t (58) = 2.44, p = .018, Cohen's d = .63. The findings suggest that web-based interactive media can support both cognitive learning and soft-skill-oriented vocational pedagogy.
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