Reconstruction Islamic Banking Fiqh Based on Maqashid al-Shariah: Strengthening Islamic Economic Ecosystem and Authority Religious Courts (PA) in Indonesia
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Background: The rapid evolution of the global Islamic finance industry necessitates a methodological shift from rigid, text-based legal compliance (hilah) toward a purpose-driven framework that prioritizes the substantive objectives of Islamic law (Maqashid al-Shariah). Simultaneously, massive financial digitalization introduces regulatory gaps, while the Religious Courts face capacity challenges in adjudicating complex, tech-driven economic disputes under standard formalistic procedures.
Research Gap: A distinct dichotomy persists between the rapid innovation of digital-based Islamic banking products and the slow adaptation of contemporary fiqh methodologies and judicial doctrines, creating a disparity between formal legal certainty and substantive justice for modern economic actors.
Novelty: This study introduces a comprehensive, multi-layered integrated framework that unifies fiqh reconstruction, maqashid-based banking governance, economic ecosystem orchestration (commercial finance, ZISWAF, MSMEs, and fintech), and religious judicial oversight into a self-correcting structural feedback loop.
Method: Employing a combined juridical-normative and socio-legal approach, this study analyzes conceptual foundations, statutory regulations, court jurisdictions, and contemporary Islamic legal literature, utilizing qualitative descriptive-analytical evaluation of primary and secondary legal materials.
Results: The findings demonstrate that reconstructing fiqh through the five objectives of Maqashid al-Shariah transforms Islamic banks from conventional intermediaries into holistic ecosystem orchestrators aligned with ESG standards and the Sharia Maqashid Index (SMI). Furthermore, expanding the absolute jurisdiction of Religious Courts through maqashid-based judicial interpretation enables judges to resolve complex modern financial disputes and enforce substantive distributive justice.
Conclusion: Synchronizing jurisprudential reform, ethical market orchestration, and adaptive judicial oversight successfully bridges theoretical legal principles with practical execution, establishing a resilient, equitable, and sustainable Islamic economic ecosystem.
Keywords: Islamic Banking Fiqh, Maqashid al-Shariah, Islamic Economic Ecosystem, Religious Courts Authority, Substantive Justice
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