The Influence of Competence, Training, and Emotional Intelligence on Performance: Mediation of Productivity at Dinas Tenaga Kerja and Transmigrasi off Bantul Regency
Keywords:
Competency, Training, Emotional Intelligence, Performance, Productivity
Abstract
Background: Employee performance is a critical determinant of organizational success, influenced by various factors including competence, training, and emotional intelligence. However, the mechanisms through which these factors affect performance, particularly the mediating role of productivity, remain underexplored in the context of Indonesian government institutions. This study examines the influences of competency, training, and emotional intelligence on employee performance with productivity as a mediating variable at Dinas Tenaga Kerja dan Transmigrasi Kabupaten Bantul.
Method: This quantitative study employed a causal associative design with a survey approach. Data were collected from 50 respondents selected using purposive sampling. The analysis utilized path analysis with SmartPLS 3 software to examine both direct and indirect effects among the variables.
Results: The findings demonstrate that competency, training, and emotional intelligence each have significant positive effects on both employee productivity and performance. Competency showed the strongest direct effect on productivity (β = 0.45), followed by emotional intelligence (β = 0.40) and training (β = 0.37). Productivity significantly influences performance (β = 0.50). Furthermore, productivity partially mediates the relationships between competency, training, and emotional intelligence on performance, with indirect effects of 0.225, 0.185, and 0.200 respectively.
Conclusion: Enhancing employee performance requires a comprehensive approach that develops competencies, provides relevant training, and fosters emotional intelligence, all of which work through productivity improvements. Organizations should prioritize competency development programs, quality training initiatives, and emotional intelligence training to maximize employee performance outcomes.
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Anakpo, G., Nqwayibana, Z., & Mishi, S. (2023). The Impact of Work-from-Home on Employee Performance and Productivity: A Systematic Review. Sustainability, 15(5), 4529. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15054529
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Bartlett, L., Martin, A. J., Kilpatrick, M., Otahal, P., Sanderson, K., & Neil, A. L. (2022). Effects of a Mindfulness App on Employee Stress in an Australian Public Sector Workforce: Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR MHealth and UHealth, 10(2), e30272–e30272. https://doi.org/10.2196/30272
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Cantero-Sánchez, F. J., León-Rubio, J. M., Vázquez-Morejón, R., & León-Pérez, J. M. (2021). Evaluation of an Assertiveness Training Based on the Social Learning Theory for Occupational Health, Safety and Environment Practitioners. Sustainability, 13(20), 11504. https://doi.org/10.3390/su132011504
Chahar, B. (2020). Performance Appraisal Systems and Their Impact on Employee Performance. Information Resources Management Journal, 33(4), 17–32. https://doi.org/10.4018/irmj.2020100102
Dâmbean, C. A., & Gabor, M. R. (2021). Implications of Emotional Intelligence in Human Resource Management. ECONOMICS, 9(2), 73–90. https://doi.org/10.2478/eoik-2021-0016
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Doǧru, Ç. (2022). A Meta-Analysis of the Relationships Between Emotional Intelligence and Employee Outcomes. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 611348. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.611348
Esmaeeli, J., Amiri, M., & Taghizadeh, H. (2021). A new approach in the DEA technique for measurement of productivity of decision-making units through efficiency and effectiveness. Scientia Iranica, 0(0), 0. https://doi.org/10.24200/sci.2020.54858.3961
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Esubalew, A. A., & Raghurama, A. (2020). The mediating effect of entrepreneurs’ competency on the relationship between Bank finance and performance of micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs). European Research on Management and Business Economics, 26(2), 87–95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iedeen.2020.03.001
Fakhar, A., Jahanzaib, M., Sarfraz, M., Shafiq, M., & Rizwan, A. (2020). Investigating the Impact of Emotional Intelligence on Academic Performance of Engineering Students: An Exploratory Study in Pakistan. Nucleus, 56(105), 105–111.
Fernandez, S., & Moldogaziev, T. T. (2021). Employee empowerment, employee attitudes, and performance: Testing a causal model. Public Administration Review, 71(4), 475–487. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6210.2011.02460.x
Goleman, D., Boyatzis, R. E., & McKee, A. (2018). Primal leadership: Unleashing the power of emotional intelligence. Harvard Business Review Press.
Grasser, R. A., Newman, A. H., & Xiong, X. G. (2024). The Effect of Horizontal Pay Transparency on Employee Motivation When Pay Dispersion Is Performance Based and Non-Performance Based. Journal of Management Accounting Research, 36(2), 99–122. https://doi.org/10.2308/jmar-2023-025
Guest, D. E. (2017). Human resource management and employee well‐being: towards a new analytic framework. Human Resource Management Journal, 27(1), 22–38. https://doi.org/10.1111/1748-8583.12139
Hair, J. F., Hollingsworth, C. L., Randolph, A. B., & Chong, A. Y. L. (2017). An Updated and Expanded Assessment of PLS-SEM in Information Systems Research. In Industrial Management & Data Systems (117(3)). Industrial Management & Data Systems.
Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., C. M., R., & Sarstedt, M. (2017). A Primer on Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). Thousand Oaks.
Jalote, P., & Kamma, D. (2021). Studying Task Processes for Improving Programmer Productivity. IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, 47(4), 801–817. https://doi.org/10.1109/tse.2019.2904230
Jiang, L., & Probst, T. M. (2019). The relationship between job insecurity and job performance: A meta-analysis. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 24(1), 107–126. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1037/ocp0000139
Jonsdottir, I. J., Aspinwall, L. G., & Hansson, T. (2022). The role of emotional intelligence in health promotion and stress prevention: A review. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 738–752. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.734987
Kadoya, Y., Khan, M. S. R., Watanapongvanich, S., & Binnagan, P. (2020). Emotional Status and Productivity: Evidence from the Special Economic Zone in Laos. Sustainability, 12(4), 1544. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12041544
Kakemam, E., Liang, Z., Janati, A., Arab-Zozani, M., Mohaghegh, B., & Gholizadeh, M. (2020). Leadership and Management Competencies for Hospital Managers: A Systematic Review and Best-Fit Framework Synthesis. Journal of Healthcare Leadership, 12, 59–68. https://doi.org/10.2147/JHL.S265825
Koopmans, L., Bernaards, C. M., Hildebrandt, V. H., Schaufeli, W. B., de Vet Henrica, C. W., & van der Beek, A. J. (2019). Conceptual Frameworks of Individual Work Performance. Journal of Occupational & Environmental Medicine, 53(8), 856–866. https://doi.org/10.1097/jom.0b013e318226a763
Luo, S., Soh, K. G., Zhang, L., Zhai, X., Sunardi, J., Gao, Y., & Sun, H. (2023). Effect of core training on skill-related physical fitness performance among soccer players: A systematic review. Frontiers in Public Health, 10, 1046456. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.1046456
M. Mtotywa, M., & Mdlalose, S. (2023). The influence of assessment on training to improve productivity of construction companies. Problems and Perspectives in Management, 21(1), 169–182. https://doi.org/10.21511/ppm.21(1).2023.15
Mahmud, N., & Ananthram, S. (2021). Employee development, job satisfaction, and organizational performance: A case of the Indonesian oil industry. Journal of Human Resources Management and Labor Studies, 9(2), 57–71. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.15640/jhrmls.v9n2a6
Manoharan, K., Dissanayake, P., Pathirana, C., Deegahawature, D., & Silva, R. (2023). A systematic evaluation on the competencies of construction supervisors in productivity and performance improvement practices – Sri Lankan perspective. Smart and Sustainable Built Environment, 13(4), 960–988. https://doi.org/10.1108/sasbe-11-2022-0242
Mattingly, V., & Kraiger, K. (2019). Can emotional intelligence be trained? A meta-analytical investigation. Human Resource Management Review, 29(2), 140–155. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2018.03.002
Nasrip, M. (2023). Pengaruh Pelatihan dan Locus of Control terhadap Kinerja Pegawai di Dinas Pendidikan, Pemuda dan Olahraga Kabupaten Bantul. Manajerial : Jurnal Manajemen Dan Sistem Informasi, 22(1). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.17509/manajerial.v22i1.52325
Nasrip, M., & Pono, N. F. (2025). Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia: cara mudah memahami manajemen sumber daya manusia dan dilengkapi dengan latihan soal. In Yayasan Drestanta Pelita Indonesia (1st ed.). Yayasan Drestanta Pelita Indonesia.
Noe, R. A., Hollenbeck, J. R., Gerhart, B., & Wright, P. M. (2021). Human resource management: Gaining a competitive advantage (11th ed). McGraw-Hill Education.
Nuñez, J., Suarez-Arrones, L., de Hoyo, M., & Loturco, I. (2021). Strength Training in Professional Soccer: Effects on Short-sprint and Jump Performance. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 43(06). https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1653-7350
Osborne, S., & Hammoud, M. S. (2017). Effective Employee Engagement in the Workplace. International Journal of Applied Management and Technology, 16(1). https://doi.org/10.5590/ijamt.2017.16.1.04
Óskarsdóttir, H. G., Oddsson, G. V., Sturluson, J. Þ., & Sæmundsson, R. J. (2022). Towards a Holistic Framework of Knowledge Worker Productivity. Administrative Sciences, 12(2), 50. https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci12020050
Panagiotakopoulos, A. (2020). Exploring the link between management training and organizational performance in the small business context. Journal of Workplace Learning, 32(4), 245–257. https://doi.org/10.1108/jwl-10-2019-0121
Ratna, S., Saide, S., Herzavina, H., & Muwardi, D. (2021). A preliminary model analysis of knowledge management design: spiritual leadership on knowledge worker productivity. Technology Analysis & Strategic Management, 35(3), 270–285. https://doi.org/10.1080/09537325.2021.1973665
Sandi, H., Afni Yunita, N., Heikal, M., Nur Ilham, R., & Sinta, I. (2021). Relationship Between Budget Participation, Job Characteristics, Emotional Intelligence and Work Motivation As Mediator Variables to Strengthening User Power Performance: An Emperical Evidence From Indonesia Government. MORFAI JOURNAL, 1(1), 36–48. https://doi.org/10.54443/morfai.v1i1.14
Soltanali, H., Khojastehpour, M., & Torres Farinha, J. (2021). Measuring the production performance indicators for food processing industry. Measurement, 173, 108394. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.measurement.2020.108394
Staiano, W., Merlini, M., Romagnoli, M., Kirk, U., Ring, C., & Marcora, S. (2022). Brain Endurance Training Improves Physical, Cognitive, and Multitasking Performance in Professional Football Players. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 17(12), 1732–1740. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2022-0144
Stoyanova-Bozhkova, S., Paskova, T., & Buhalis, D. (2020). Emotional intelligence: a competitive advantage for tourism and hospitality managers. Tourism Recreation Research, 47(4), 359–371. https://doi.org/10.1080/02508281.2020.1841377
Strugar Jelača, M., Bjekić, R., Berber, N., Aleksić, M., Slavić, A., & Marić, S. (2022). Impact of Managers’ Emotional Competencies on Organizational Performance. Sustainability, 14(14), 8800. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14148800
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Published
2026-06-22
How to Cite
Albashori, M. F., Wahyuning, S., & Agung Nugroho, H. (2026). The Influence of Competence, Training, and Emotional Intelligence on Performance: Mediation of Productivity at Dinas Tenaga Kerja and Transmigrasi off Bantul Regency. Sharia Economic and Management Business Journal (SEMBJ), 7(2), 540-551. https://doi.org/10.62159/sembj.v7i2.2159
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Articles
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhammad Fatkhurohman Albashori, Sri Wahyuning, Himawan Agung Nugroho
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